Rannsókn hefur sýnt að bakteríur sem eru almennt að finna á húð okkar virka sem hugsanlegt „lag“ verndar gegn krabbameini
Tilkoma húðkrabbamein has been steadily increasing over the past decades. Skin krabbamein is of two kinds – melanoma and non-melanoma. The most common type is the melanoma skin cancer which causes 2 and 3 million cases globally every year. The non-melanoma is not the most common type and affects 130,000 globally but is also serious because it can spread. One in every three krabbamein sem greinist um allan heim er húðkrabbamein. Húðin okkar er stærsta líffæri líkamans og er jafnframt það mikilvægasta þar sem hún hylur allan líkamann og verndar okkur fyrir skaðlegum utanaðkomandi þáttum eins og sól, óeðlilegu hitastigi, sýklum, ryki o.s.frv. Húðin ber ábyrgð á að stjórna líkamshita okkar og fjarlægja svita frá líkama okkar. Það gerir það nauðsynlegasta D-vítamín and marvellously, the skin provides us with a sense of touch. The main cause of skin krabbamein is overexposure to harmful rays of the sun. As the ozone layer in our atmosphere is gradually depleting the protective layer is going away leading to more UV (ultra-violet) radiation of the sun to reach the earth’s surface. Melanoma krabbamein, which starts in pigment-producing skin cells, is caused by abnormal changes in the skin when krabbamein cells start growing and the main factor is somehow connected with an individual’s exposure to the sun and their history of sunburn. Non-melanoma skin krabbamein starts in the cells of the húð and grows out to destroy nearby tissue. This type of krabbamein generally does not spread to other parts of the body (metastasize) but melanoma cancer does.
Rannsókn sem birt var í Vísindi Framfarir lýsir nýju hugsanlegu hlutverki bakteríur on our skin in protecting us against krabbamein. Researchers at UC San Diego School of Medicine, USA have identified a strain of the bakteríur Staphylococcus epidermidis which is very commonly found on heilbrigð human skin. This unique strain of skin bakteríur is seen to inhibit growth (kill) of several types of krabbamein by producing a chemical compound – 6-N-hydroxyaminopurine (6-HAP) in mice. It was clear that only the mice which had this baktería strain on their skin and thus made 6-HAP did not have húð tumours after they were exposed to krabbamein causing UV rays. The chemical molecule 6-HAP basically impairs the synthesis (creation) of DNA thereby preventing the spread of tumour cells and also suppressing the development of new skin tumours. The mice were injected with 6-HAP every 48 hours over a period of two weeks. The strain is non-toxic and does not affect normal healthy cells while reducing the already present tumours by almost 50 percent. The authors state that the baktería strain is adding “another layer” of protection to our skin against krabbamein.
This study clearly shows that our “skin microbiome” is an important aspect of the protection which skin offers. Some skin bakteríur are already known for producing antimicrobial peptides which protect our skin from invasions by pathogenic bakteríur. Further studies are required to understand the workings of 6-HAP and whether ideally it could be used as a preventative measure against krabbamein.
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{Þú getur lesið upprunalegu rannsóknarritgerðina með því að smella á DOI hlekkinn sem gefinn er upp hér að neðan á listanum yfir tilvitnaðar heimildir}
Heimildir)
Nakatsuji T o.fl. 2018. Kommensal stofn af Staphylococcus epidermidis verndar gegn æxli í húð. Vísindi Framfarir. 4 (2). https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aao4502
